Acid-base titration acts as a fundamental analytical technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution. This procedure involves the controlled addition of a known solution, called the titrant, to a solution of uncertain concentration until the reaction between the acid and base is fully reacted. The point at which this occurs, kn

In acid-base titrations, the equivalence point signifies the precise stage when the {acid|titrant and base have completely neutralized. This crucial point is often indicated by a noticeable change in the pH, though it may not always be directly observable. To effectively pinpoint this threshold, techniques like using an indicator or monitoring the